Religion
Mumbai has Hindus (67.39%), Muslims (18.56%), Buddhists (5.22%), Jains (3.99%), Christians (4.2%),[252] Sikhs (0.58%), with Parsis and Jews making up the rest of the population.[253] The linguistic/ethnic demographics are: Maharashtrians (42%), Gujaratis (19%), with the rest hailing from other parts of India.
Language
- In India, twenty-two languages have official status: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
- Mumbai has many spoken languages, however, Marathi, Hindi, English and Gujarati is spoken predominantly.
Systems Of Social Organization
There is a vast difference in incomes in Mumbai ranging from poor to the wealthy. The caste system has been officially removed in India, however the under currents of the system still exist in most of India. The caste system is less seen in Mumbai being that it is a metropolitan city. However, the evident slums in the outskirts of Mumbai are a staunch reminder that there are very poor people who share the basic necessities of life. Meanwhile, Mumbai is full of some of the world's richest persons including the Ambani family who live in a 27 floor high rise. The high rise, Antilla, is a ocean-facing 4,532 square metres (48,780 sq ft)that is staffed by 600 people.
Customs and Traditions
- Many of the Customs and traditions are according to Religion. Hindus celebrate Diwali, Navratri, Holi and many more holidays. Muslims celebrate Eid al-Fir( a three day feast celebrated at the end of the holy month of Ramadan) where they invite their freinds and family to join in the festivities. Christians celebrate Christmas and go to the churches in Mumbai.
- India's national holidays include International New Year's Day (1 Jan.), Republic Day (26 Jan.), Independence Day (15 Aug.), and Mahatma Gandhi's Birthday (2 Oct.).
Arts and Literature
Mumbai is the second largest film industry in the world with the most amount of single songs produced in one year. The film industry is based in the national language, HIndi. Due to the sheet amount of songs released, there are many singers who live in Mumbai to enhance their chances of contracts both in the film industry as well as television based business. SIngers like Lata Mangeshkar live in Mumbai (holder of Guiness Book of World Records 1974-1991 for the most songs sung.) Indian cinema, with its characteristic film music, has not only spread all over Indian society, but also been on the forefront of the spread of India's culture around the world. In Britain, Hindi film songs are heard in restaurants and on radio channels dedicated to Asian music. Film-maker Baz Luhrmann included a song in his production Moulin Rouge based on the filmi song "Chamma Chamma". In Greece, the genre of indoprepi sprang from Hindi film music and in Indonesia dangdut singers have reworked Hindi songs for Indonesian audiences. In France, the band Les Rita Mitsouko and French singer Pascal used Bollywood influences In Nigeria, bandiri music is a combination of Sufi lyrics and Bollywood-style music and in the Caribbean, chutney music is a combination of Hindi film music.
There is a large influence of Urdu speaking poets and as a result most songs are based on Urdu speaking Hindi songs. (Spoken, Hindi and Urdu are very similar.) Many writers are housed in Mumbai and write books in HIndi, English, Gujarati and Urdu. Mumbai is also known for dance forms from all over India particularly Kathakali and Bharatnatyam. There are many dance institutes located in Mumbai. Every movie released in India is essentially a musical and hence dance is a very integral part of the Indian cinema. Dance academies allow actors and extras to learn the different types of dance from classical to modern.
WIth the Indian cinema and music industry strong in Mumbai, many classical forms of instruments are played by musicians that include Tabla (hand drums), Sitar (a stringed instrument), Sarod (a type of flute) and Sarangi (a string instrument). There are many opera houses and symphony halls where this music can be heard and performed. Teachers flock to Mumbai as there are many who aspire to become musicians in the Indian Cinema.
There is a large influence of Urdu speaking poets and as a result most songs are based on Urdu speaking Hindi songs. (Spoken, Hindi and Urdu are very similar.) Many writers are housed in Mumbai and write books in HIndi, English, Gujarati and Urdu. Mumbai is also known for dance forms from all over India particularly Kathakali and Bharatnatyam. There are many dance institutes located in Mumbai. Every movie released in India is essentially a musical and hence dance is a very integral part of the Indian cinema. Dance academies allow actors and extras to learn the different types of dance from classical to modern.
WIth the Indian cinema and music industry strong in Mumbai, many classical forms of instruments are played by musicians that include Tabla (hand drums), Sitar (a stringed instrument), Sarod (a type of flute) and Sarangi (a string instrument). There are many opera houses and symphony halls where this music can be heard and performed. Teachers flock to Mumbai as there are many who aspire to become musicians in the Indian Cinema.
Government
Mumbai is the capital of the Maharastra State in India. Mumbai houses the state government, The Mantralaya. Mumbai as the rest of India is a democracy with a legislature. There is judiciary system that is also housed in Mumbai. Mumbai also houses the naval fleet for India. THe state government takes care of the police, fire squad, ambulance system and post office.
Economics
Mumbai is the center of entertainment, fashion, and commercial businesses. Mumbai accounts for more than 6% of India's economy contributing 10% of factory employment, 30% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of foreign trade and rupees 40,000 crore (US $10 billion) in corporate taxes to the Indian economy. Headquarters of a number of Indian financial institutions such as the Bombay Stock Exchange, Reserve Bank of India, National Stock exchange the Mint, as well as numerous Indian companies such as the Tata Group, Essel Group and Reliance Industries are located in Mumbai. There they export spices to all around the world. The economics in Mumbai is a command and supply markets.
Citations
A Sign Board Showing Drinking Water Place In A Garden, Wording In English And Marathi Languages Snake Park, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Photo.Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
"A Few Thoughts Here and There." : Antilla. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
A TYPICAL HOUSE IN A SLUM WITH GROUND FLOOR AND AN EXTENSION OF A FLOOR WHICH IS OFTEN RENTED OUT. IT HAS AN INGENIOUS USE OF MATERIALS AND SENSE OF COLOURS. MUMBAI, INDIA. Photography.Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
Family Celebrating Holi. Photography. Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
PAHELI (2005) - MUKHERJEE, RANI; KHAN, SHAHRUKH.Photography. Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
"Mumbai High Court." RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
Mumbai Stock Exchange. N.d. Photograph. Web. Blogspot.com. Web. 5 May 2013.
A Sign Board Showing Drinking Water Place In A Garden, Wording In English And Marathi Languages Snake Park, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Photo.Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
"A Few Thoughts Here and There." : Antilla. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
A TYPICAL HOUSE IN A SLUM WITH GROUND FLOOR AND AN EXTENSION OF A FLOOR WHICH IS OFTEN RENTED OUT. IT HAS AN INGENIOUS USE OF MATERIALS AND SENSE OF COLOURS. MUMBAI, INDIA. Photography.Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
Family Celebrating Holi. Photography. Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
PAHELI (2005) - MUKHERJEE, RANI; KHAN, SHAHRUKH.Photography. Encyclopædia Britannica Image Quest. Web. 5 May 2013.
"Mumbai High Court." RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 May 2013.
Mumbai Stock Exchange. N.d. Photograph. Web. Blogspot.com. Web. 5 May 2013.